Chemical composition for Hydrogen as a fuel

Hydrogen (H), a colorless, odorless, tasteless, flammable gaseous substance that is the simplest member of the family of chemical elements. The hydrogen atom has a nucleus consisting of a proton bearing one unit of positive electrical charge; an electron, bearing one unit of negative electrical charge, is also associated with this nucleus. Under ordinary conditions, hydrogen gas is a loose aggregation of hydrogen molecules, each consisting of a pair of atoms, a diatomic molecule, H2. The earliest known important chemical property of hydrogen is that it burns with oxygen to form water, H2O; indeed, the name hydrogen is derived from Greek words meaning “maker of water.”

A molecule of hydrogen is the simplest possible molecule. It consists of two protons and two electrons held together by electrostatic forces. Like atomic hydrogen, the assemblage can exist in a number of energy levels.

Some covalently bonded hydrides have a hydrogen atom bound simultaneously to two separate electronegative atoms, which are then said to be hydrogen bonded. The strongest hydrogen bonds involve the small, highly electronegative atoms of fluorine (F), oxygen, and nitrogen. In the bifluoride ion, HF2−, the hydrogen atom links two fluorine atoms. In the crystal structure of ice, each oxygen atom is surrounded by four other oxygen atoms, with hydrogen atoms between them.